Gabatarwa: A halin yanzu, a cikin masana'antar kera motoci a cikin mahallin lantarki, hankali da haɓaka samfuran kera, buƙatun tsarin aikin birki suna ƙaruwa sannu a hankali, kuma fayafai na yumbu na yumbu suna da fa'ida a bayyane, wannan labarin zai yi magana game da diski na yumbu na yumbu. masana'antu.
I. Fagen Farko
Kwanan nan, Azera ta fito da babban SUV ɗin kujeru biyar na farko, ES7, wanda ke amfani da haɗe-haɗen simintin gyare-gyaren gabaɗayan aluminum, a karo na biyu Azera yana amfani da fasahar simintin mutuwa a cikin samfuran ta.Tare da haɓaka nauyin nauyi da wutar lantarki, haɗaɗɗen fasahar kashe simintin gyare-gyaren ana neman sababbin masu kera motoci da kamfanonin mota na gargajiya, kuma babu shakka rashin nauyi na tsarin abin hawa ya zama wani ɓangare na inganta ƙirar mota na zamani.Aiwatar da fayafai na yumbura na carbon zai haɓaka da ƙarfi da ƙarfi kan aiwatar da nauyin nauyi na mota, mai zuwa shine magana game da wannan masana'antar.
Na biyu, fahimtar fayafai yumbura na carbon
A halin yanzu, kayan birki da ake amfani da su sosai a cikin jiragen ƙasa masu sauri, motoci da jiragen sama sun fi yawa foda karfe da carbon-carbon composite kayan.Duk da haka, foda metallurgy birki kayan da shortcomings kamar high zafin jiki sauki bonding, gogayya yi sauki ga žasa, high zafin jiki ƙarfi žasa muhimmanci, matalauta thermal girgiza juriya, short sabis rayuwa, da dai sauransu.;yayin da carbon carbon birki kayan da low a tsaye da kuma rigar jihar gogayya coefficient, babban girma na zafi ajiya, dogon samar sake zagayowar da high samar da kudin, wanda tauye ta kara ci gaba da aikace-aikace.
Carbon yumbu birki fayafai sun haɗu da kaddarorin jiki na duka fiber carbon da polycrystalline silicon carbide.A halin yanzu, nauyin haske, taurin mai kyau, kwanciyar hankali a ƙarƙashin matsanancin matsa lamba da zafin jiki mai zafi, juriya na thermal shock da kuma raunin raunin da ya faru na irin wannan taurin ba kawai tsawaita rayuwar sabis na diski na birki ba, amma kuma kauce wa duk matsalolin da ke tasowa daga kaya.
Na uku, halin da masana'antu ke ciki a halin yanzu
1. Carbon yumbu birki faifai aiki ne muhimmanci fiye da talakawa launin toka simintin ƙarfe birki diski, amma farashin ne ta shortcomings.
A halin yanzu, da yadu amfani da birki Disc kayan ne yafi talakawa simintin ƙarfe, low alloy simintin ƙarfe, simintin gyaran kafa karfe, musamman gami simintin karfe, low-gawa ƙirƙira karfe da kuma jefa baƙin ƙarfe a simintin karfe ( jabu na karfe) hada abubuwa, jefa baƙin ƙarfe. kayan sun fi amfani da su.Abubuwan simintin ƙarfe suna da dogon zagayen masana'antu, ƙarancin wutar lantarki da sauƙi don samar da fashewar zafi da sauran rashi, don haka carbon da carbon yumbu mai hade kayan don haɓaka kayan birki.
Saboda tsadar kayan haɗin carbon-carbon, galibi ana amfani da su don birki na jirgin sama, tare da haɓaka manyan hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masana kimiyya na cikin gida da na waje sun fara haɓaka haɓakar manyan hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa masu saurin gaske don carbon yumbu hade gogayya mataimakin. , Carbon yumbu composite kayan ne na kasa da kasa mayar da hankali a kan ci gaban da gogayya kayan, kasar Sin kuma ta kasance a cikin mataki na farko, carbon yumbu birki fayafai a nan gaba don rage farashin sarari ya fi girma, ana sa ran ya zama babban ci gaban birki. Ana sa ran zai zama babban alkiblar haɓaka samfuran birki.
2. Farashin kayan kai tsaye na fayafai na yumbura na carbon yumbu yana da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, kuma akwai babban sarari don rage farashin fasaha da sikelin.
A cikin 2021, farashin ton guda na samfuran filayen zafi na kamfanin shine yuan / ton 370,000, ya ragu da kashi 20% daga yuan 460,000 a shekarar 2017, kuma farashin masana'antar ton guda ya kai yuan miliyan 11.4 a shekarar 2021, ya ragu da kashi 53.8% daga Yuan 246,800 a cikin 2017, wanda ya kasance gagarumin raguwar farashin fasaha.A cikin 2021, rabon farashin albarkatun ƙasa shine 52%.Tare da fadada sikelin, haɓaka fasaha, haɓaka matakin sarrafa kansa da raguwar farashin fiber carbon, akwai babban sarari don rage farashin samfur.Farashin kushin yumbu na carbon yuan na yanzu yana da kusan yuan 2500-3500, don tare da ajin C da sama da kasuwar motocin fasinja, ana sa ran a cikin 2025 darajar yanki guda ɗaya za ta ragu zuwa kusan yuan 1000-1200, za ta ragu. zuwa ajin B da sama da kasuwar motocin fasinja.
Hudu, al'amuran masana'antu
1. Carbon yumbu birki fayafai suna da ƙarin sarari don maye gurbin gida
Saboda rikitaccen tsari, wahalar samarwa, dogon zagayowar samarwa da sauran ƙofofin, kamfanoni na cikin gida waɗanda za su iya samar da fayafai masu yawa na carbon yumbu kaɗan ne.Manyan masu samar da fayafai na carbon yumbu composite birki sun haɗa da Brembo (Italiya), Surface Transforms Plc (Birtaniya), Fusionbrakes (Amurka), da dai sauransu. Kaɗan daga cikin masana'antun cikin gida ne suka ƙware fasahar shirye-shiryen fayafai masu ƙarfi na carbon/tau composite brake, kuma a can. babban wuri ne don maye gurbin gida.
Babban abokan cinikin masana'antun fayafai na yumburan carbon na ketare sune manyan masana'antun motoci na wasanni, kuma farashin naúrar samfuran ya fi girma.Dauki kamfanin Brembo na ketare a matsayin misali, farashin samfuran faifan yumburan carbon guda ɗaya ya fi RMB 100,000, yayin da ƙimar fayafan yumbura na gida guda ɗaya ya kai 0.8-12,000 RMB, wanda ke da tsada sosai.Tare da ci gaba da ci gaban fasaha na masana'antu na cikin gida a cikin wannan fagen, da kuma ci gaba da juyin halitta na yanayin "ƙari, babba, masu hankali" sabbin motocin makamashi, ana sa ran yawan shigar da fayafai na yumbura na carbon don sabbin motocin makamashi na cikin gida zai ci gaba da ƙaruwa.
2. Carbon yumbu birki fayafai sun hadu da yanayin nauyi na mota
Shaidar gwaji ta nuna cewa raguwar 10% na nauyin abin hawa zai iya ƙara yawan man fetur da 6% - -8%;don kowane raguwar kilogiram 100 na yawan abin hawa, ana iya rage yawan man fetur da 0.3 – -0.6 lita a kowace kilomita 100, don haka fasaha mai nauyi ita ce mabuɗin ci gaban abubuwan hawa na gaba.
Rage yawan da ke ƙasa da tsarin dakatarwa tare da rabin ƙoƙarin, diski na yumburan yumbura shine maɓalli don rage nauyi.Kowane raguwa 1kg da ke ƙasa da tsarin dakatarwa yana daidai da raguwar 5kg sama da tsarin dakatarwa.Biyu na 380mm size carbon yumbu fayafai ne game da 20kg haske fiye da launin toka simintin faifai, wanda yake daidai da 100kg nauyi rage a cikin tsarin dakatar da mota.Bugu da kari, Toyota na high-karshen wasanni mota Lexus RCF ya kasance ta hanyar CFRP kayan da carbon yumbu birki fayafai don rage nauyin 70kg ta bangarori da yawa, wanda 22kg aka ba da gudummawar ta carbon yumbu birki fayafai, don haka carbon yumbu birki fayafai ga mahimman sassa na rage nauyin mota.
V. Sararin Kasuwa
Maye gurbin asali foda metallurgy birki diski shine yanayin da babu makawa na wannan masana'antar: na farko, farashin fiber carbon zai ƙi a hankali don fitar da farashin kai tsaye na samfurin da kansa;na biyu, tare da haɓakar haɓakar samarwa da sikelin tallace-tallace, haɓaka haɓakar hanyar haɗin yanar gizo, tattalin arzikin sikelin zai kawo saukar da farashin fayafai na yumbura na carbon yumbu;na uku, mafi amintaccen ƙwarewar tuƙi zai haɓaka haɓaka samfuran a cikin masana'antar kera motoci.2023 ana tsammanin zama shekarar farko na haɓaka fayafai na yumbura yumbura.Shekara ta farko na tallata faifan birki, ana sa ran kasuwar cikin gida za ta kai yuan biliyan 7.8 a shekarar 2025, kuma ana sa ran kasuwar cikin gida za ta zarce yuan biliyan 20 a shekarar 2030.
Ya zuwa shekarar 2025, girman kasuwar faya-fayen foda na gargajiya na gargajiya zai kai yuan biliyan 90 bisa farashin yuan 1000 na mota daya da motoci miliyan 90 da ake sayarwa a duk duniya, kuma kasuwar cikin gida za ta kusan kusan yuan biliyan 30.Tare da haɓakar haɓakar wutar lantarki, ƙimar shigar da fayafai na yumbura na carbon zai iya wuce tsammaninmu.Wannan sabuwar kasuwa ce wacce ta dace da yanayin haɓaka bayanan lantarki na gabaɗaya kuma ci gaba ne na 0-1.Kuma ga la'akari da amincin motoci, da zarar nasarar za ta zama wurin siyar da amincin motoci, ana sa ran adadin bunkasuwar zai wuce yadda ake tsammani, kuma gaba dayan kudaden da ake samu na tallace-tallace na kasuwa za a kai kusan yuan biliyan 200-300.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-03-2022